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Thomas Freemantle

Male 1822 - 1886  (64 years)


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Timeline

1822
1836
1849
1863
1876
1890
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   Date  Event(s)
1 1822 
  • 1822—1828:
    SA - English becomes the official language of the Cape Colony.
  • 14 Jun 1822—14 Jun 1822:
    Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society
2 1823 
  • 1823—1823:
    SA - Difaqane (1820s) Battle of Dithakong - MaNthatisi repulsed by Tlhaping with help from Griquas. Tswana to north and east heavily disrupted by Difaqane raids. 1824 Bergenaar rebellion
  • 1823—1823:
    SA - Approximately 146 Irish settlers brought to the Cape by John Ingram.
  • 1823—1823:
    New laws concerning marriage by license ? 'very troublesome' according to some the Act was repealed all in a hurry at the beginning of the next session
  • 1823—1823:
    Peel begins penal reforms ? death penalty abolished for over 100 crimes
  • 1823—1823:
    Rugby Football 'invented' at Rugby School
  • 1823—1823:
    Rubberised waterproof material produced by MacIntosh
  • 1 Jul 1823—1823:
    SA - Lewis Broadbent born to the wife of the Methodist missionary Samuel Broadbent at Leeudoringstad, 16km from Wolmaranstad, on the 1st July 1823. Lewis later became a missionary to India.
  • 2 Dec 1823—2 Dec 1823:
    US President James Monroe delivers a speech establishing American neutrality in future European conflicts (the 'Monroe Doctrine')
3 1824 
  • 1824—1824:
    SA - George Thompson travels inland - naming Augrabies Falls "Cataract of King George"
  • 1824—1824:
    SA - Construction of road through Fransch Hoek Pass. First Synod of the Dutch Reformed Church. Mission station at Lovedale founded. First lighthouse opened.
  • 1824—1824:
    RSPCA established
  • 1824—1824:
    Portland cement patented
  • 4 Mar 1824—4 Mar 1824:
    Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) founded (called the 'National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck' until 1854)
  • 10 May 1824—10 May 1824:
    National Gallery in London opens to the public
4 1825 
  • 1825—1825:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded in Somerset East.
  • 1825—1825:
    SA - First steamship in Table Bay. Depreciated rix dollar converted into British sterling. The Anglican St. Mary's Collegiate Church started in Port Elizabeth. The Jubilee Park Cemetery in Uitenhage in use circa 1825.
  • 27 Sep 1825—27 Sep 1825:
    Stockton to Darlington Railway opens ? world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains
5 1826 
  • 1826—1826:
    SA - Adam Kok II establishes Philippolis Griqua Captaincy
  • 1826—1826:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregations founded in Clanwilliam, Colesberg, Durbanville and Tijgerberg.
6 1827 
  • 1827—1827:
    Ohm's Law published
7 1828 
  • 1828—1828:
    SA - Ordinance 50 repeals pass laws
  • 1828—1828:
    SA - Circa 1828, the Union Chapel (London Missionary Society - i.e. Congregational) in Port Elizabeth is founded, records start in 1831. St. Mary's Cemetery started in Port Elizabeth circa 1828.
  • 25 Oct 1828—25 Oct 1828:
    St Katharine Docks in London opened (designed by Thomas Telford)
8 1829 
  • 1829—1829:
    London Metropolitan Police Force formed, nicknamed 'Bobbies' after Sir Robert Peel
  • 1829—1829:
    Louis Braille invents his system of finger-reading for the blind
  • 10 Jun 1829—10 Jun 1829:
    First Oxford/Cambridge Boat Race
  • 6 Oct 1829—6 Oct 1829:
    George Stephenson's Rocket wins the Rainhill trials (it was the only one to complete the trial!)
9 1830 
  • 1830—1830:
    SA - Moffat's printing press transported to Kuruman by ox wagon
  • 1830—1830:
    SA - Full civil privileges granted to Roman Catholics in the Cape. Colesberg founded. Road over Sir Lowry's Pass opened.
  • 1830—1830:
    Uprisings and agitation across Europe: the Netherlands are split into Holland and Belgium
  • Jul 1830—Jul 1830:
    Revolution in France, fall of Charles X and the Bourbons ? Louis Philippe (the Citizen King) on the throne
  • 15 Sep 1830—15 Sep 1830:
    George Stephenson's Liverpool & Manchester Railway opened by the Duke of Wellington ? first mail carried by rail, and first death on the railway as William Huskisson, a leading politician, is run over!
10 1831 
  • 1831—1831:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church congregation founded in Albany. First publication of De Zuid Afrikaan (ons Land). First issue of Grahamstown Journal.
  • 1831—1831:
    A list of all parish registers dating prior to 1813 compiled
  • 1 Jun 1831—1 Jun 1831:
    James Clark Ross discovers the North Magnetic Pole
  • 1 Aug 1831—1 Aug 1831:
    'New' London Bridge opens (replaced 1973) ? old bridge (which had existed for over 600 years) then demolished
11 1832 
  • 1832—1832:
    Electoral Registers introduced
  • 1832—1832:
    Electric telegraph invented by Morse
  • 7 Jun 1832—7 Jun 1832:
    Reform Bill passed ? Representation of the People Act
12 1833 
  • 1833—1833:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parish in Piquetberg (Piketberg) founded.
  • 1833—1839:
    SA - Approximately 750 juveniles brought to the Cape as apprentices.
  • Jan 1833—Jan 1833:
    Britain invades the Falkland Islands
  • 29 Aug 1833—29 Aug 1833:
    Factory Act forbids employment of children below age of 9
13 1834 
  • 1834—1834:
    SA - Abolition of legal slavery; but slaves apprenticed for four years
  • 1834—1835:
    SA - Andrew Smith with artist Charles Davidson Bell travels in the interior
  • 1834—1834:
    SA - Berlin Mission Society establishes station at Bethulie; and out-station among Korana at Pniel in 1845.
  • 1834—1834:
    SA - The Anglican St. John's Church is built in Bathurst, but its burial records go back to 1823. King William's Town founded. Slaves officially freed but apprenticed for next 4 years.
  • 1834—1834:
    SA - Kommissie treks from Cape begins. Port Natal renamed Durban.
  • 1834—1834:
    Babbage invents forerunner of the computer
  • 18 Mar 1834—18 Mar 1834:
    'Tolpuddle Martyrs' transported (to Australia) for Trades Union activities
  • 1 May 1834—1 May 1834:
    Slavery abolished in British possessions
  • 21 Dec 1834—Sep 1835:
    SA - Sixth Frontier War between Xhosa and whites.
14 1835 
  • 1835—1836:
    SA - Louis Trichardt, Hans van Rensburg and Andries Potgieter trek north.
  • 1835—1835:
    Christmas becomes a national holiday
  • 1835—1835:
    First railway boom period starts in Britain construction of Great Western Railway
15 1836 
  • 1836—1836:
    SA - James Alexander travels through Namaqualand
  • 1836—1836:
    SA - The Great Trek has reached the Transvaal and the Free State areas.
  • 1836—1836:
    SA - Potgieter's trekkers defeat Ndebele at the Battle of Vegkop.
  • 1836—1836:
    First Potato famine in Ireland
  • 30 Jan 1836—30 Jan 1836:
    Telford's Menai Straits Bridge opened ? considered the world's first modern suspension bridge
  • 25 Feb 1836—25 Feb 1836:
    Samuel Colt patented the 'revolver'
  • 6 Mar 1836—6 Mar 1836:
    The Alamo falls to Mexican troops - death of Davy Crockett
  • Jul 1836—Jul 1836:
    Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris
16 1837 
  • 1837—1837:
    SA - Piet Retief publishes his "Manifesto".
  • 1837—1837:
    SA - Andries Potgieter and Piet Uys, helped by Rolong and Griqua tribes, defeat Ndebele at Mosega. Louis Trichardt arrives in Lourenco Marques. Seperate administrative districts granted to Port Elizabeth, Cradock and Colesburg.
  • 1837—1837:
    SA - Victoria
  • 1837—1837:
    Pitman introduces his shorthand system
  • 1837—1837:
    P&O Founded
  • 20 Jun 1837—20 Jun 1837:
    William IV dies - accession of Queen Victoria (to 1901)
  • 1 Jul 1837—1 Jul 1837:
    Compulsory registration of Births, Marriages & Deaths in England & Wales - Registration Districts were formed covering several parishes; initially they had the same boundaries as the Poor Law boundaries set up in 1834
  • 13 Jul 1837—13 Jul 1837:
    Queen Victoria moves into the first Buckingham Palace
  • 20 Jul 1837—20 Jul 1837:
    Euston Railway station opens - first in London
17 1838 
  • 1838—1838:
    SA - Russell Road (Hyman's Kloof) Cemetery established in Port Elizabeth. Pietermaritzburg founded in 1838. Boers found Republic of Natal.
  • Feb 1838—1838:
    SA - Piet Retief and his people are murdered by Dingaan's soldiers at Dingaan's kraal and Weenen.
  • 28 Jun 1838—28 Jun 1838:
    Coronation of Queen Victoria at Westminster Abbey
  • 16 Dec 1838—1838:
    SA - Battle of Blood River fought between Zulus and Boers.
18 1839 
  • 1839—1839:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parishes founded in Bredasdorp and Riversdale. Potchefstroom founded.
  • 1839—1839:
    First Opium War between Britain and China (to 1842) - Britain captures Hong Kong
  • 1839—1839:
    Scottish blacksmith Kirkpatrick MacMillan refines the primitive bicycle adding a mechanical crank drive to the rear wheel,thus creating the first true 'bicycle' in the modern Sense
  • 1839—1839:
    Charles Goodyear invented vulcanized rubber
19 1840 
  • 1840—1849:
    SA - Expansion of commercial wool farmers in Karoo transforms colonial economy. Pedi migrate to work on Cape farms
  • 1840—1840:
    SA - The Anglican St. Katherine's Church is founded in Uitenhage.
  • 1840—1840:
    Population Act relating to taking of censuses in Britain
  • 1840—1840:
    Last convicts landed in NSW (some say 1842 or 1849, but these probably landed elsewhere)
  • 10 Jan 1840—10 Jan 1840:
    Uniform Penny Postage introduced nationally
20 1841 
  • 1841—1841:
    SA - Missionary David Livingstone arrives in South Africa - proceeds to Kuruman before journeying through Central Africa
  • 1841—1841:
    SA - Circa 1841, the Methodist Church founded in Port Elizabeth. Trekkers council set up in Potchefstroom.
  • 1841—1841:
    Thomas Cook starts package tours
  • 10 Feb 1841—10 Feb 1841:
    Penny Red replaces Penny Black postage stamp
  • 6 Jun 1841—6 Jun 1841:
    June 6: First full census in Britain in which all names were recorded (Population 18.5M)
21 1842 
  • 1842—1842:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parish founded in Prince Albert. Dick King's ride from Durban to Grahamstown.
  • 1842—1843:
    SA - War between the British and the Boers in Natal.
  • 1842—1842:
    Income Tax reintroduced in Britain
  • 30 Mar 1842—30 Mar 1842:
    Ether used as an anesthetic for the first time (by Dr Crawford Long in America)
  • 29 Aug 1842—29 Aug 1842:
    Treaty of Nanking - End of First Opium War - Britain gains Hong Kong
22 1843 
  • 1843—1843:
    SA - Natal annexed as a British Colony.
  • 1843—1843:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parish founded in Richmond.
  • 1843—1843:
    First Christmas card in England
  • 27 May 1843—27 May 1843:
    The Great Hall of Euston station opened in London
  • 19 Jul 1843—19 Jul 1843:
    Brunel's 'Great Britain' launched
23 1844 
  • 1844—1844:
    SA - Access to land is changed from leasehold to free hold
  • 1844—1844:
    SA - Victoria West established
  • Apr 1844—1844:
    SA - Boers from Natal settle at Potchefstroom, after crossing the Drakensberg Mountains. Hendrik Potgieter settles at Delagoa Bay.
  • 6 Jun 1844—6 Jun 1844:
    YMCA founded in London by Sir George Williams
24 1845 
  • 1845—1845:
    SA - Mothibi of Tlhaping dies
  • 1845—1845:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parish founded at Mossel Bay. Ohrigstad founded. Natal becomes autonomous district of Cape Colony.
  • 1845—1845:
    SA - Battle of Zwartkoppies.
  • 1845—1845:
    Tarmac laid for first time (in Nottingham)
  • 17 Mar 1845—17 Mar 1845:
    The rubber band patented by Stephen Perry
25 1846 
  • 1846—1854:
    SA - Orange River Sovereignty
  • 1846—1846:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parish founded in Burgersdorp. Bloemfontein founded.
  • 1846—1848:
    SA - Seventh Frontier War between Xhosa and whites, this war was also known as the War of the Axe.
  • 1846—1847:
    SA - Approximately 103 settlers arrive in Port Elizabeth from war-torn Buenos Aires, Argentinia.
  • 10 Sep 1846—10 Sep 1846:
    The sewing machine is patented by Elias Howe
26 1847 
  • 1847—1847:
    SA - Colonial boundary extended to Orange River
  • 1847—1847:
    SA - Rhenish Missionary Christoph Alheit moves to Schietfontein (Carnarvon)
  • 1847—1847:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parish founded in Calvinia. Opening of Montagu Pass. Sugar cane plantations started in Natal. East London founded. Districts of Victoria East and British Kaffraria annexed as part of the Cape Colony.
  • 1847—1847:
    US Mormons make Salt Lake City their centre
  • Jan 1847—Jan 1847:
    An anesthetic used for the first time in England (James Simpson used ether to numb the pain of labour)
27 1848 
  • 1848—1848:
    SA - Boers cross the Vaal River. Orange River Sovereignty established. Battle of Boomplaats.
  • 1848—1848:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parish founded in Napier. Soutpansberg (later Schoemansdal) founded.
  • 1848—1848:
    First commercial production of chewing gum
  • 24 Jan 1848—24 Jan 1848:
    Gold found at Sutter's Mill, California - starts the California gold rush
  • 23 Mar 1848—1848:
    SA - Approximately 163 German settlers, known as the Bergthiel Settlers, arrive in Natal.
  • 11 Jul 1848—11 Jul 1848:
    Waterloo railway station in London opens
28 1849 
  • 1849—1849:
    SA - Circa 1849 the first Jewish Congregation founded in Cape Town.
  • 1849—1850:
    SA - The Byrne Settlers arrive in Natal.
  • 1849—1849:
    Florin (2 shilling coin) introduced as the first step to decimalisation - which finally occurred in 1971!
29 1850 
  • 1850—1859:
    SA - First Afrikaans book written by an imam (Muslim prayer leader) of slave descent
  • 1850—1850:
    SA - Wesleyan Settlers arrive in Natal. Dutch Reformed Church parish founded in Namaqualand.
  • 1850—1853:
    SA - Eighth Frontier War.
30 1851 
  • 1851—1851:
    SA - Sugar first produced from cane in Natal.
  • 1851—1851:
    Gold discovered in Australia
  • 1 May 1851—1 May 1851:
    Great exhibition of the works of industry of all nations ('Crystal Palace' exhibition) opened in Hyde Park
31 1852 
  • 1852—1852:
    SA - Copper mining in Namaqualand - migrant labour on small scale
  • 1852—1852:
    SA - The Transvaal Republic established. Dutch Reformed Church parish founded in Middelburg. The New Church (Congregational / Presbyterian) established in Port Elizabeth. Copper mining begins at Springbokfontein. Wreck of the Birkenhead.
  • 1852—1852:
    Tasmania ceases to be a convict settlement
  • 1852—1852:
    Wells Fargo established in USA
32 1853 
  • 1853—1853:
    SA - Hopetown established
  • 1853—1853:
    SA - Nicholas Waterboer succeeds as Griqua Captain
  • 1853—1853:
    SA - Settlement of Queenstown and Seymour. Union Steamship Line founded.
  • 1853—1853:
    Vaccination against smallpox made compulsory in Britain
33 1854 
  • 1854—1854:
    SA - Orange Free State Republic proclaimed
  • 1854—1854:
    SA - Dutch Reformed Church parishes established in Montagu and Queenstown. First Cape Colony Parliament. Boers defeat Ndebele at Makapansgat.
  • 1854—1854:
    SA - Crimean War
  • 1854—1854:
    Cigarettes introduced into Britain
  • 27 Mar 1854—27 Mar 1854:
    Britain declares war on Russia (Crimean War)
  • 25 Oct 1854—25 Oct 1854:
    Battle of Balaklava in Crimea (charge of the Light Brigade)
34 1855 
  • 1855—1855:
    SA - Pretoria founded. 20 Irish miners arrive to work in the Namaqualand copper mines.
35 1856 
  • 1856—1856:
    SA - The Anglican St. Paul's Church in Port Elizabeth founded. Approximately 3000 Crimean War veterans (German Legionaires) settled in Kaffraria, later joined by 2700 German civilians. Dutch Reformed Church parish founded in Murraysburg.
  • 1856—1856:
    SA - Natal becomes a seperate colony.
  • 1856—1857:
    SA - Self-destruction of Xhosa tribe by cattle-killing.
  • 1856—1862:
    SA - Approximately 700 juveniles arrive from Holland.
  • 1856—1856:
    End of Crimean War
  • 29 Jan 1856—29 Jan 1856:
    Victoria Cross created by Royal Warrant, backdated to 1854 to recognise acts during the Crimean War (first award ceremony 26 June 1857)
36 1857 
  • 1857—1857:
    SA - Moffat completes Old Testament Bible translation into Setswana
  • 1857—1857:
    SA - Xhosa enter Karoo following Eastern Cape Cattle Killing.
  • 1857—1857:
    SA - Approximately 157 Irish girls arrive on the ship Lady Kennaway, settle in British Kaffraria. First Legislative Council in Natal. First mail contract with Union Steamship Company for regular mail service between Britain and South Africa.
  • 1857—1862:
    SA - Assisted immigration schemes bring about 12 000 settlers.
  • 1857—1857:
    Work starts on the laying of the Transatlantic cable
37 1858 
  • 1858—1858:
    SA - Circa 1858, Jewish congregation founded in Port Elizabeth. The Anglican Holy Trinity Church built in Port Elizabeth. War between Orange Free State and Basuto tribe.
  • 1858—1858:
    'The great stink' - smell of the River Thames forced Parliament to stop work
  • 1858—1858:
    Royal Opera House opens in Covent Garden, London
38 1859 
  • 1859—1859:
    SA - Dopper Church leaves the Dutch Reformed Church. First railway in the Cape Colony commenced.
  • 1859—1859:
    Peaceful picketing legalised in Britain
  • 25 Apr 1859—25 Apr 1859:
    Work started on building the Suez canal (opened 17 Nov 1869)
  • 4 May 1859—4 May 1859:
    Brunel's Royal Albert Bridge opened at Saltash giving rail link between Devon and Cornwall
  • 24 Nov 1859—24 Nov 1859:
    Charles Darwin publishes 'The Origin of Species'
39 1860 
  • 1860—1860:
    SA - Boer republics north of Vaal unite as South African Republic
  • 1860—1860:
    SA - Indians arrive in Natal to work on sugar cane farms as indentured labourers. Between 1860-1911 about 152 000 Indians arrive and about 50% stay.
  • 1860—1860:
    SA - First telegraph service in South Africa, between Cape Town and Simonstown.
  • 1860—1860:
    SA - Start of penny post in Cape Town. Work began on Table Bay Docks. The Catholic St. Augustine's Church established in Port Elizabeth.Circa 1860, the first Baptist Church started in Port Elizabeth.
  • 26 Jun 1860—1860:
    SA - First railway in South Africa, between Market Square and Point, Durban, opens.
  • 29 Aug 1860—29 Aug 1860:
    First tram service in Europe starts in Birkenhead
40 1861 
  • 1861—1862:
    SA - Griqua trek under Adam Kok III from Philippolis to Nomansland
  • 1861—1861:
    SA - American Civil War
  • 25 May 1861—25 May 1861:
    American Civil War begins
41 1862 
  • 1862—1862:
    Lincoln issues first legal US paper money (Greenbacks)
  • 20 Apr 1862—20 Apr 1862:
    First pasteurisation test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
42 1863 
  • 1863—1863:
    SA - The Hill Presbyterian Church started in Port Elizabeth.
  • 1863—1863:
    SA - North End Cemetery started in Port Elizabeth.
  • 1863—1863:
    Football Association founded (UK)
  • 1863—1863:
    Opening of state institution for criminally insane at Broadmoor, England
  • 10 Jan 1863—10 Jan 1863:
    First section of the London Underground Railway opens
43 1864 
  • 1864—1864:
    SA - St. George's Cemetery established in Port Elizabeth.
  • 1864—1864:
    A man-powered submarine, 'Hunley' sank a Federal steam ship USS Housatonic at the entrance to Charleston harbour in 1864 - the first recorded successful attack by a submarine on a surface ship
  • 11 Mar 1864—11 Mar 1864:
    The Great Sheffield Flood - over 250 died when a new dam broke while it was being filled for the first time
  • 20 Aug 1864—20 Aug 1864:
    Red Cross established - Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention
  • 8 Dec 1864—8 Dec 1864:
    Clifton Suspension Bridge over the River Avon officially opened
44 1865 
  • 1865—1866:
    SA - Albania Settlement Scheme
  • 1865—1865:
    SA - Ostriches first domesticated.
  • 1865—1866:
    SA - Economic depression throughout South Africa. War between Orange Free State and Basutos.
  • 1865—1865:
    Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917) becomes first woman doctor in England [she later became the first woman mayor in England, in Aldeburgh 1908]
  • 1865—1865:
    First concrete roads built in Britain
  • 14 Apr 1865—14 Apr 1865:
    End of American Civil War - slavery abolished in USA
  • 14 Apr 1865—14 Apr 1865:
    Abraham Lincoln assassinated in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth
  • 5 Jul 1865—5 Jul 1865:
    William Booth (1829-1912) founds Salvation Army, in London
45 1866 
  • 1866—1866:
    SA - India officially stops sending Indian labourers to Natal.
46 1867 
  • Apr 1867—1867:
    SA - 21.25 carat diamond found near Hopetown.
  • 1 Jul 1867—1 Jul 1867:
    The British North America Act takes effect, creating the Canadian Confederation
47 1868 
  • 1868—1869:
    SA - Korana War along Orange River
  • 1868—1868:
    Last convicts landed in Australia (Western Australia)
48 1869 
  • 1869—1869:
    SA - Railway from Port Nolloth to O'Kiep
  • 1869—1869:
    SA - Star of South Africa diamond discovered. Gold and diamond rush starts.
  • 1869—1869:
    Ball bearings, celluloid, margarine, and washing machines, all invented
  • 23 Nov 1869—23 Nov 1869:
    Cutty Sark launched in Dumbarton
49 1870 
  • 1870—1870:
    SA - Galeshewe of Tlhaping born
  • 1870—1884:
    SA - |Xam prisoners at Cape Town interviewed by Wilhelm Bleek and Lucy Lloyd
  • 1870—1871:
    SA - The Anglican St. Peter's Church started in Port Elizabeth.
  • 1870—1870:
    SA - Opening of Cape Town Docks.
  • 1870—1870:
    GPO takes over the privately-owned Telegraph Companies (nationalised)
  • 1870—1870:
    Dr Thomas Barnardo opens his first home for destitute children
  • 1870—1870:
    Water closets come into wide use
  • 1870—1870:
    Diamonds discovered in Kimberley, South Africa
  • 1 Oct 1870—1 Oct 1870:
    First British postcard - halfpenny post
50 1871 
  • 1871—1871:
    SA - Diamonds found at New Rush; renamed Kimberley; 1873. Griqua claim to Diamond Fields recognised and Waterboer seeks British protection. Diamond mining stimulates migrant labour on unprecedented scale. Two thirds of black workforce comes from Limpopo valley
  • 1871—1871:
    SA - Gold discovered in Eastern Transvaal. Britain annexes the diamond fields of Kimberley and Griqua West. First mail from Cape Town to the diamond fields.
  • 27 Mar 1871—27 Mar 1871:
    First Rugby Football international, England v Scotland, played in Edinburgh
  • 29 Mar 1871—29 Mar 1871:
    Opening of Royal Albert Hall, London
  • 29 Jun 1871—29 Jun 1871:
    Trades Unions legalised in Britain, but picketing made illegal
51 1872 
  • 1872—1872:
    Licensing hours introduced
  • 1872—1872:
    Penalties introduced for failing to register births, marriages & deaths (Eng & Wales)
  • 4 Dec 1872—4 Dec 1872:
    American ship 'Mary Celeste' is found abandoned by the British brig 'Dei Gratia' in the Atlantic Ocean
52 1873 
  • 1873—1873:
    SA - Griqualand West proclaimed Crown Colony
  • 1873—1873:
    SA - Griqualand West established as a British colony. Gold discovered in Lydenburg district of Transvaal.
  • 1873—1875:
    SA - Approximately 3300 men, women and children arrive as agricultural settlers or labourers for public works.
53 1874 
  • 1874—1874:
    SA - College founded at Stellenbosch (later Victoria College, today University of Stellenbosch). Railway line opened from Port Elizabeth to Uitenhage.
  • 1874—1874:
    Factory Act introduces 56-hour week
  • 5 Apr 1874—5 Apr 1874:
    Birkenhead Park opened, said to be the first civic public park in the world - features of it later copied in Central Park, New York
54 1875 
  • 1875—1875:
    SA - Black Flag Rebellion by white diggers at Kimberley
  • 1875—1875:
    SA - Genootskap vir Regte Afrikaners (Association for True Afrikaners) formed
  • 1875—1875:
    London's main sewage system completed
  • 1 Jan 1875—1 Jan 1875:
    Midland Railway abolishes Second Class passenger facilities, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies followed during the rest of the year. (Third Class was renamed Second Class in 1956)
55 1876 
  • 1876—1876:
    SA - Solomon Tshekisho Plaatje born
  • 14 Feb 1876—14 Feb 1876:
    Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray each file a patent for the telephone - Bell awarded the rights
56 1877 
  • 1877—1877:
    SA - Native Locations for Tswana established in Griqualand West
  • 1877—1877:
    SA - Britain annexes the Transvaal Republic. Ninth Frontier War.
  • 1877—1877:
    Edison invents microphone and phonograph
57 1878 
  • 1878—1879:
    SA - Griqualand West Rebellion and Korana War coincide with similar conflicts elsewhere in South Africa.
  • 1878—1879:
    SA - Griqualand West and Tswana Rebellion
  • 1878—1878:
    SA - Koegas atrocities
  • 1878—1878:
    SA - Walvis Bay proclaimed British territory. Telegraph service between Natal and Transvaal.
  • 1878—1878:
    Edison & Swan invent electric lamp
  • 1878—1878:
    Red Flag Act in Britain limits mechanical road vehicles to 4mph
  • 1878—1878:
    CID established at New Scotland Yard
58 1879 
  • 1 Sep 1879—1879:
    SA - Zulu War starts, battles at Isandhlwana, Rorke's Drift and Ulundi.
  • 18 Sep 1879—18 Sep 1879:
    Blackpool illuminations switched on for first time
59 1880 
  • 1880—1880:
    SA - Griqualand West annexed to Cape Colony
  • 1880—1880:
    SA - First Legislative Council in Transvaal. Formation of De Beers Company. Formation of the Afrikander Bond.
  • 1880—1881:
    SA - First Anglo-Boer War, Boers defeat Britain.
  • 1880—1880:
    Education Act: schooling compulsory for 5-10 year olds
  • 1880—1880:
    Mosquito found to be the carrier of malaria
  • 2 Aug 1880—2 Aug 1880:
    Greenwich Mean Time adopted throughout UK
60 1881 
  • 1881—1881:
    SA - Jantje Mothibi of Tlhaping dies
  • 1881—1882:
    SA - Tswana-Kora wars with white mercenary involvement
  • 1881—1881:
    SA - Battle of Laing's Nek, 28 January. Battle of Majuba, 27 February. Britain recognises South African Republic (ZAR).
  • 1881—1881:
    Postal Orders introduced
  • 1881—1881:
    Flogging abolished in Army and Royal Navy
  • Sep 1881—Sep 1881:
    Godalming in Surrey became the first town in England to have a public electricity supply installed (but in 1884 it reverted to gas lighting until 1904)
  • 26 Oct 1881—26 Oct 1881:
    Gunfight at OK Corral
61 1882 
  • 1882—1882:
    SA - Abraham September (freed slave) begins Orange River irrigation
  • 1882—1882:
    SA - Approximately 4645 settlers arrive. South End Cemetery in Port Elizabeth started. Use of Dutch recognised in Cape Parliament.
  • 1882—1882:
    Fourth Eddystone Lighthouse completed
  • 29 Aug 1882—1882:
    SA - 229 Norwegians arrive aboard the "Lapland" and settle at the mouth of the Umzimkulu river (Port Shepstone), Natal.
62 1883 
  • 1883—1890:
    SA - Germans occupy South West Africa and German East Africa
  • 1883—1883:
    SA - Revd Gwayi Tyamzashe; last black man to hold a claim in Kimberley mines; loses his claim
  • 1883—1883:
    Statue of Liberty presented to USA by France
  • 24 May 1883—24 May 1883:
    Brooklyn Bridge, New York opens (crosses East River)
  • 1 Aug 1883—1 Aug 1883:
    Parcel post starts in Britain
  • 27 Aug 1883—27 Aug 1883:
    Eruption of Krakatoa near Java - 30,000 killed by tidal wave
63 1884 
  • 1884—1885:
    SA - Warren takes over Stellaland and Goshen; establishes Crown Colony of British Bechuanaland and Bechuanaland Protectorate
  • 1884—1884:
    SA - The Anglican St. Cuthbert's Church built in Port Elizabeth. Barberton goldfields opened.
  • 31 May 1884—31 May 1884:
    John Harvey Kellogg patents corn flakes
  • 13 Oct 1884—13 Oct 1884:
    Greenwich made prime meridian of the world
64 1885 
  • 1885—1885:
    SA - Railway line opened from Cape to Kimberley.
  • 1885—1885:
    Carl Benz builds the 'Motorwagen', a single-cylinder motor car
  • 1885—1885:
    Gottlieb Daimler patents the world's first motorcycle
  • 1885—1885:
    Eastman makes first coated photographic paper
  • 1885—1885:
    Canadian Pacific Railway completed
  • Mar 1885—Mar 1885:
    First UK cremation in modern times took place at Woking
  • 5 Sep 1885—5 Sep 1885:
    The first train runs through the Severn Tunnel
  • 29 Sep 1885—29 Sep 1885:
    First electric tramcar used at Blackpool
65 1886 
  • 1886—1886:
    SA - Gold found on Witwatersrand
  • 1886—1886:
    SA - Gold discovered in the Transvaal (Witwatersrand)
  • 20 Jan 1886—20 Jan 1886:
    Mersey railway (under Mersey) opened by Prince of Wales
  • May 1886—May 1886:
    Pharmacist John Styth Pemberton invents a carbonated beverage later named 'Coca-Cola'
  • 29 May 1886—29 May 1886:
    Putney Bridge opens in London

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